LusoRobótica - Robótica em Português
Software => Software e Programação => Tópico iniciado por: brunus em 09 de Fevereiro de 2017, 16:10
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Alguém me pode ajudar com o meu caso?
Tenho um lcd 20x4 paralell daqueles de 16 pinos com o HD44780, e pretendia torná-lo em um lcd serial (ttl série de 3 pinos: RX, 5V e GND) para um projecto que utiliza um arduino.
Datasheet do LCD 20x4:
http://www.hobbytronics.co.uk/lcd-20-4-backlight-blue (http://www.hobbytronics.co.uk/lcd-20-4-backlight-blue)
Para isso tenho uma plaquinha serial conversora da sparkfun:
https://www.sparkfun.com/products/10097 (https://www.sparkfun.com/products/10097)
A placa possui o firmware para o atmega238, mas este só está feito para LCD 16x2, mas o meu projecto é com um LCD 20x4, procurei código e encontrei este:
/*
Serial Enabled LCD Kit
by: Jim Lindblom - SparkFun Electronics
Characters received in a serial stream are displayed on a 16x2,
20x4, etc. LCD. Special commands are also available to clear, scroll
display cursors and other functions.
License: Beerware - As long as you retain this notice you
can do whatever you want with this stuff. If we meet some day,
and you think this stuff is worth it, you can buy
me a beer in return.
Revisions:
9/29/10 - Added support for 20x4, 16x4 and 20x2 LCDs.
See special commands 0x03 through 0x06. LCD size is stored
in EEPROM and retained upon loss of power.
The circuit:
* LCD RS pin to digital pin 2
* LCD R/W pin to digital pin 3
* LCD Enable pin to digital pin 4
* LCD D4 pin to digital pin 5
* LCD D5 pin to digital pin 6
* LCD D6 pin to digital pin 7
* LCD D7 pin to digital pin 8
* 10K resistor:
* ends to +5V and ground
* wiper to LCD VO pin (pin 3)
Uses the LiquidCrystal Arduino library to control the LCD
---------------------------------------------------------
http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/LiquidCrystal
Much thanks to: Limor Fried, Tom Igoe, David A. Mellis
for their fantastic work on this library!
*/
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
#include <EEPROM.h>
// --- EEPROM ADDRESS DEFINITIONS
#define LCD_BACKLIGHT_ADDRESS 1 // EEPROM address for backlight setting
#define BAUD_ADDRESS 2 // EEPROM address for Baud rate setting
#define SPLASH_SCREEN_ADDRESS 3 // EEPROM address for splash screen on/off
#define ROWS_ADDRESS 4 // EEPROM address for number of rows
#define COLUMNS_ADDRESS 5 // EEPROM address for number of columns
// --- SPECIAL COMMAND DEFINITIONS
#define BACKLIGHT_COMMAND 128 // 0x80
#define SPECIAL_COMMAND 254 // 0xFE
#define BAUD_COMMAND 129 // 0x81
// --- ARDUINO PIN DEFINITIONS
uint8_t RSPin = 2;
uint8_t RWPin = 3;
uint8_t ENPin = 4;
uint8_t D4Pin = 5;
uint8_t D5Pin = 6;
uint8_t D6Pin = 7;
uint8_t D7Pin = 8;
uint8_t BLPin = 9;
char inKey; // Character received from serial input
uint8_t Cursor = 0; // Position of cursor, 0 is top left, (rows*columns)-1 is bottom right
uint8_t LCDOnOff = 1; // 0 if LCD is off
uint8_t blinky = 0; // Is 1 if blinky cursor is on
uint8_t underline = 0; // Is 1 if underline cursor is on
uint8_t splashScreenEnable = 1; // 1 means splash screen is enabled
uint8_t rows = 2; // Number rows, will be either 2 or 4
uint8_t columns = 16; // Number of columns, will be 16 or 20
uint8_t characters; // rows * columns
// initialize the LCD at pins defined above
LiquidCrystal lcd(RSPin, RWPin, ENPin, D4Pin, D5Pin, D6Pin, D7Pin);
/* ----------------------------------------------------------
In the setup() function, we'll read the previous baud,
screen size, backlight brightness, and splash screen state
from EEPROM. Serial will be started at the proper baud, the
LCD will be initialized, backlight turned on, and splash
screen displayed (or not) according to the EEPROM states.
----------------------------------------------------------*/
void setup(){
// initialize the serial communications:
setBaudRate(EEPROM.read(BAUD_ADDRESS));
// Read rows and columns from EEPROM
// Will default to 2x16, if not previously set
rows = EEPROM.read(ROWS_ADDRESS);
if (rows != 4)
rows = 2;
columns = EEPROM.read(COLUMNS_ADDRESS);
if (columns != 20)
columns = 16;
// set up the LCD's number of rows and columns:
lcd.begin(columns, rows);
// Set up the backlight
pinMode(BLPin, OUTPUT);
setBacklight(EEPROM.read(LCD_BACKLIGHT_ADDRESS));
// Do splashscreen if set
splashScreenEnable = EEPROM.read(SPLASH_SCREEN_ADDRESS);
if (splashScreenEnable!=0)
{
if (columns == 16)
{
lcd.print("www.SparkFun.com");
lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
lcd.print(" Serial LCD Kit ");
delay(2000);
lcd.clear();
}
else
{
lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
lcd.print(" [url=http://www.SparkFun.com]www.SparkFun.com[/url] ");
lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
lcd.print(" Serial LCD Kit ");
delay(2000);
lcd.clear();
}
}
}
/*----------------------------------------------------------
In loop(), we wait for a serial character to be
received. Once received, the character is checked against
all the special commands if it's not a special command the
character (or tab, line feed, etc.) is displayed. If it is
a special command another loop will be entered and we'll
again wait for any further characters that are needed to
finish the command.
----------------------------------------------------------*/
void loop()
{
while (Serial.available() > 0) {
inKey = Serial.read();
// Check for special LCD command
if ((inKey&0xFF) == SPECIAL_COMMAND)
SpecialCommands();
// Backlight control
else if ((inKey&0xFF) == BACKLIGHT_COMMAND)
{
// Wait for the next character
while(Serial.available() == 0)
;
setBacklight(Serial.read());
}
// baud rate control
else if ((inKey&0xFF) == BAUD_COMMAND)
{
// Wait for the next character
while(Serial.available() == 0)
;
setBaudRate(Serial.read());
}
// backspace
else if (inKey == 8)
{
Cursor--;
LCDDisplay(0x20);
Cursor--;
}
// horizontal tab
else if (inKey == 9)
Cursor += 5;
// line feed
else if (inKey == 10)
Cursor += columns - Cursor%columns;
// carriage return
else if (inKey == 13)
Cursor += columns;
// finally (since no special commad received), just display the received character
else
LCDDisplay(inKey);
}
}
/* ----------------------------------------------------------
SpecialCommands() is reached if SPECIAL_COMMAND is received.
This function will wait for another character from the serial
input and then perform the desired command. If a command is
not recognized, nothing further happens and we jump back into
loop().
----------------------------------------------------------*/
void SpecialCommands()
{
// Wait for the next character
while(Serial.available() == 0)
;
inKey = Serial.read();
// Clear Display
if (inKey == 1)
{
Cursor = 0;
lcd.clear();
}
// Move cursor right one
else if (inKey == 20)
Cursor++;
// Move cursor left one
else if (inKey == 16)
Cursor--;
// Scroll right
else if (inKey == 28)
lcd.scrollDisplayRight();
// Scroll left
else if (inKey == 24)
lcd.scrollDisplayLeft();
// Turn display on
else if ((inKey == 12)&&(LCDOnOff==0))
{
LCDOnOff = 1;
lcd.display();
}
// Turn display off
else if (inKey == 8)
{
LCDOnOff = 0;
lcd.noDisplay();
}
// Underline Cursor on
else if (inKey == 14)
{
underline = 1;
blinky = 0;
lcd.noBlink();
lcd.cursor();
}
// Underline Cursor off
else if ((inKey == 12)&&(underline==1))
{
underline = 0;
lcd.noCursor();
}
// Blinking box cursor on
else if (inKey == 13)
{
lcd.noCursor();
lcd.blink();
blinky = 1;
underline = 0;
}
// Blinking box cursor off
else if ((inKey == 12)&&(blinky=1))
{
blinky = 0;
lcd.noBlink();
}
// Set Cursor position
else if ((inKey&0xFF) == 128)
{
// Wait for the next character
while(Serial.available() == 0)
;
inKey = Serial.read();
Cursor = inKey;
}
else if (inKey == 30)
{
if (splashScreenEnable)
splashScreenEnable = 0;
else
splashScreenEnable = 1;
EEPROM.write(SPLASH_SCREEN_ADDRESS, splashScreenEnable);
}
else if (inKey == 3)
{
// 20 columns
columns = 20;
EEPROM.write(COLUMNS_ADDRESS, columns);
lcd.begin(columns, rows);
Cursor = 0;
}
else if (inKey == 4)
{
// 16 columns
columns = 16;
EEPROM.write(COLUMNS_ADDRESS, columns);
lcd.begin(columns, rows);
Cursor = 0;
}
else if (inKey == 5)
{
// 4 lines
rows = 4;
EEPROM.write(ROWS_ADDRESS, rows);
lcd.begin(columns, rows);
Cursor = 0;
}
else if (inKey == 6)
{
// 2 lines
rows = 2;
EEPROM.write(ROWS_ADDRESS, rows);
lcd.begin(columns, rows);
Cursor = 0;
}
}
/* ----------------------------------------------------------
LCDDisplay() receives a single character and displays it
depending on what value is in Cursor. We also do a bit of
manipulation on Cursor, if it is beyond the screen size.
Finally the Cursor is advanced one value, before the function
is exited.
----------------------------------------------------------*/
void LCDDisplay(char character)
{
int currentRow = 0;
characters = rows * columns;
// If Cursor is beyond screen size, get it right
while (Cursor >= characters)
Cursor -= characters;
while (Cursor < 0)
Cursor += characters;
if (Cursor >= columns)
currentRow = Cursor/columns;
lcd.setCursor(Cursor%columns, currentRow);
lcd.write(character);
Cursor++;
}
/* ----------------------------------------------------------
setBacklight() is called from SpecialCommands(). It receives
a backlight setting between 0 and 255. The backlight is set
accordingly (via analogWrite()). Before exit the new backlight
value is written to EEPROM.
----------------------------------------------------------*/
void setBacklight(uint8_t backlightSetting)
{
analogWrite(BLPin, backlightSetting);
EEPROM.write(LCD_BACKLIGHT_ADDRESS, backlightSetting);
}
/* ----------------------------------------------------------
setBaudRate() is called from SpecialCommands(). It receives
a baud rate setting balue that should be between 0 and 10.
The baud rate is then set accordingly, and the new value is
written to EEPROM. If the EEPROM value hasn't been written
before (255), this function will default to 9600. If the value
is out of bounds 10<baud<255, no action is taken.
----------------------------------------------------------*/
void setBaudRate(uint8_t baudSetting)
{
// If EEPROM is unwritten (0xFF), set it to 9600 by default
if (baudSetting==255)
baudSetting = 4;
switch(baudSetting)
{
case 0:
Serial.begin(300);
break;
case 1:
Serial.begin(1200);
break;
case 2:
Serial.begin(2400);
break;
case 3:
Serial.begin(4800);
break;
case 4:
Serial.begin(9600);
break;
case 5:
Serial.begin(14400);
break;
case 6:
Serial.begin(19200);
break;
case 7:
Serial.begin(28800);
break;
case 8:
Serial.begin(38400);
break;
case 9:
Serial.begin(57600);
break;
case 10:
Serial.begin(115200);
break;
}
if ((baudSetting>=0)&&(baudSetting<=10))
EEPROM.write(BAUD_ADDRESS, baudSetting);
}
https://github.com/jimblom/Serial-LCD-Kit/blob/master/Serial_LCD_Kit.pde (https://github.com/jimblom/Serial-LCD-Kit/blob/master/Serial_LCD_Kit.pde)
Mas continuo sem conseguir comunicar com o LCD, não tenho a certeza que bibliotecas tenho que importar ou se tem haver com as versões IDE do arduino que já usei.
Alguém já passou por uma situação igual?
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Mudar isto para 4 e 20:
uint8_t rows = 2; // Number rows, will be either 2 or 4
uint8_t columns = 16; // Number of columns, will be 16 or 20
Confimar que os pinos do lcd estão correctamente ligados ao micro OU que os pinos do micro estão bem declarados no código, compilar e pronto, mais papinha feita que isso é complicado.
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Desculpem mas a ignorância é muita, por isso a dificuldade em colocar o LCD a dar.
A mudança das colunas e linhas já tinha realizado, mas não devo estar ver bem os pinos, pois já os mudei e renumerei varias vezes.
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Fotos, prints, esquemas, informação, sem informação e sem nos mostrares o que estás a fazer tambem é complicado.
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O problema maior de quem usa um LCD por primeira vez: Tens o contraste bem ajustado?
Acho que não sou o único que perdeu tempo a verificar e reverificar código e ligações para ao aumentar o contraste verificar que afinal estava a funcionar à primeira...
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Estou a tentar replicar um projecto e usando o código de outrem. De momento ainda não tenho todo o material que é usado no projecto. O projecto usa um LCD Serial e eu queria usar um LCD Pararell com a conversora serial da sparkfun para o transformar num LCD Serial. Como ainda não tenho todo o projecto montado para usar o código em pleno, queria testar apenas o LCD para ver se de facto o LCD estava bem clonado como um LCD Serial.
Acho que já consegui confirmar o LCD como Serial, no inicio só me aparecia texto em flash nas duas primeiras linhas e não tinha a certeza que estava a trabalhar como um LCD 20x4 e não como um 16x2.